For information about the collection and use of this information, contact the Regulatory & Compliance Coordinator at 10215 108 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T5J 1L6, Tel. 113. Available online at: https://www.cbc.ca/news/public-health-annual-report-opioid-deaths-skyrocket-1.5780129 (accessed October 30, 2020). An ethical framework for global vaccine allocation. The extent of COVID-19 pandemic socio-economic impact on global poverty. Maybe we can tip “energy and industrial systems toward newer, cleaner, and ultimately cheaper modes of production that become impossible to outcompete (page 4)” (266). Topic: What Risk Factors (Such as Age, Medical Conditions, or Lifestyle Factors) Are Associated With the Development of Severe Outcomes in COVID-19? Lazarus JV, Ratzan SC, Palayew A, Gostin LO, Larson HJ, Rabin K, et al. (2020). 24. Science. In response to the 2009 pandemic of H1N1 Influenza the United States achieved a weekly vaccination rate of only 1% of the population (72). Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 reinfection by a phylogenetically distinct strain. 177. (2020). 90. The 2019 edition of the OECD Employment Outlook presents new evidence on changes in job stability, underemployment and the share of well-paid jobs, and discusses the policy implications of these changes with respect to how technology, ... In their discussion they wrote that “we do not consider the ethical or economic implications (page 4)… The social and economic effects of the measures which are needed to achieve this policy goal will be profound (page 16)…” (5). In this narrative review I explain why I changed my mind. Available online at: https://www.albertahealthservices.ca/assets/info/ppih/if-ppih-covid-19-sag-risk-factors-for-severe-covid-19-outcomes-rapid-review.pdf (accessed October 11, 2020). Ogbodo JN, Onwe EC, Chukwu J, Nwasum CJ, Nwakpu ES, Nwankwo SU, et al. Quantifying the risks and interventions that have affected the burden of diarrhoea among children younger than 5 years: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. National Post. Edmond J Safra Center for Ethics. CMAJ. 44. Available online at: https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/05-12-2019-more-than-140-000-die-from-measles-as-cases-surge-worldwide (accessed October 11, 2020). Evaluating the Initial Impact of COVID-19 Containment Measures on Economic Activity. Nat Med. Quantifying SARS-CoV-2 transmission suggests epidemic control with digital contact tracing. Similarly, in Canada, COVID-19 was the cause of 5.96% of estimated deaths over the first 6 months of 2020, again meaning >94% of deaths are not a focus of our attention, and not being reported daily in the press as are COVID-19 deaths (Supplementary Table 2) (124, 125). Global HIV & AIDS Statistics - 2020 Fact Sheet. BMJ. (2020). Available online at: https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/mortality/WMR2019/WorldMortality2019DataBooklet.pdf (accessed October 10, 2020). 208. Importantly, this cost does not include the collateral damage discussed above (from disrupted healthcare services, disrupted education, famine, social unrest, violence, and suicide) nor the major effect of loneliness and unemployment on lifespan and disease. Language Artsâ â this requirement can be met with any of the following, or an equivalent course: 50% in English Language Arts 30-1 or English Language Arts 30-2. Walhovd KB, Krogsrud SK, Amlien IK, Bartsch H, Bjornerud A, Due-Tonnessen P, et al. doi: 10.1101/2020.10.19.20214494, 204. Found inside â Page 620George Washington Univ . , Washington , D.C. Dept. of Health Care Administration . ... Health Aides of the Home Aide Service of Eastern New York , Inc. Albany Regional Medical Program , N. Y. Mark E. Hamdi HRP - 0003634 46p , 28 Mar 75. A rapid systematic review found that only age had a “consistent and high strength association with hospitalization and death from COVID-19… strongest in people older than 65 years…(page 1)” (49). The long-term effects of COVID-19 illness need to be studied and clarified. JAMA. Refugees are particularly vulnerable, undertaking “arguably the most essential form of travel… with little access to water, space or health care (page E1219)” (120). Cognitive bias and public health policy during the COVID-19 pandemic. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.19594. Figure 1. White EM, Santostefano CM, Feifer RA, Kosar CM, Blackman C, Gravenstein S, et al. (2020) 5:1598–607. (2020) 192:e921–7. Slavich GM. Product 90-1036 (2020) 15:e0240010 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240010, 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1918455117, 168. 221. Lancet Glob Health. These countries were hypothesized to be more susceptible to COVID-19 deaths, even with markedly lower population over age 65 years (about 3%), due to several factors: larger size of households (i.e., more homogeneous contact patterns), far fewer hospital and ICU beds, lower quality of health care, and unique co-morbidities (e.g., HIV in >1%, tuberculosis in >25%, and malnutrition in >30% of the population) (209). The Role of Discourse in Surveillance and Silencing of Dissent During and Post Covid-19. Are you looking for short-term opportunities and have the flexibility to work on short notice? Each of the 12 units in the book features Time to speak, a lesson where decision-making and problem-solving tasks enable speaking to thrive. Optional mobile phone activities help create personalized learning experiences. Most people have mild illness and are able to recover at home. 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Recent literature has summarized the major effect of individual income, social network index (i.e., integration in a social network), and adverse childhood experiences on life-span, early mortality, risk of chronic diseases (including heart disease, diabetes, kidney disease, stroke, cancer, lung disease, Alzheimer's, substance use, depression), and suicide rates (166–172). Explaining the homogeneous diffusion of COVID-19 nonpharmaceutical interventions across heterogeneous countries. BMJ. There was the unquestioned assumption that “there were and are no alternatives to extreme measures implemented on entire populations with little consideration of cost and consequences [externalities] (page 477)” (10). (2013) 131:319–27. Lancet. (2020) 368:eabb6939. The contributors to this volume present theoretically informed empirical studies of the regulatory, institutional, discursive, and practical terms under which precarious-status non-citizens those without permanent residence enter and ... Ioannidis called for evidence to guide policy, noting many of the collateral and recession effects discussed above (215–219). 10. (2020) 35:733–42. In: Frijters P, Krekel C, editors. This posting is for up to 4 Transit Operators (part-time) on an on-going basis; hours are as required. medRxiv [Preprint]. Moreover, <10% of the population is at high-risk, accounting for >90% of potential deaths; surely we can focus on protecting this subgroup of people (219). The impact of COVID-19 and strategies for mitigation and suppression in low- and middle-income countries. JAMA Health Forum. Careers. It may be expected that survivors of ARDS due to COVID-19 will have significant quality of life sequelae similar to ICU survivors from other causes of ARDS, or even lower given the lower cytokine levels in COVID-19 (193, 194). (2020) 324:1565–7. Regarding historical natural herd-immunity, it is likely that this was achieved for several infections, with outbreaks that occurred as births added sufficient numbers of new susceptible young individuals (e.g., for Measles, Mumps, Rubella, Pertussis, Chickenpox, Polio) (244, 245). Chin V, Ioannidis JPA, Tanner MA, Cripps S. Effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19: a tale of three models. doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30095-X. doi: 10.1101/2020.10.26.20219725, 37. Herd Immunity and the Great Barrington Declaration. 190. Even correcting for a possible lower sensitivity of capillary blood used in the household survey does not explain the difference, as the corrected seroprevalence might be up to 19.3% (243). (2020) 8:e497–510. Several other groups and individuals have made calls for a change in COVID-19 response priorities (Table 9) (213–220). doi: 10.1007/s10111-019-00564-5, 24. School closures don't seem to have an impact on community outbreaks (178, 260). (2020). (2020) 10:213–24. Declining prevalence of antibody positivity to SARS-CoV-2: a community study of 365,000 adults. doi: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.05.009, 100. Over time, important information emerged relevant to the modeling, including the lower infection fatality rate (median 0.23%), clarification of high-risk groups (specifically, those 70 years of age and older), lower herd immunity thresholds (likely 20–40% population immunity), and the difficult exit strategies. Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Weekly Epidemiological Update and Weekly Operational Update: Situation Reports. Can J Public Health. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division. (2020) 26:1205–11. World Health Organization. The United Nations. (2019). An important point must be made here. For Ro 2.5, the threshold is ~60% of the population. Register in our Health Care Aide program and join the thousands of passionate healthcare providers that are working in the hospitals, nursing homes, retirement homes and private homes across the country! Stochasticity and heterogeneity in the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2. Available online at: https://www.dw.com/en/coronavirus-who-estimates-10-of-global-population-infected-with-covid-19/a-55162783 (accessed October 26, 2020). Health care practitioners' responsibility to address intimate partner violence related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Club Troppo. Table 1. (2020) 383:691–3. 6. Remarkable variability in SARS-CoV-2 antibodies across Brazilian regions: nationwide serological household survey in 27 states. Do not lock everyone down, regardless of their individual risk, as this will cause more harm than benefit (216). Restrepo D, Armstrong KA, Metlay JP. Rapid decay of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in persons with mild Covid-19. Cost-Benefit analysis in WELLBYs for the world's response to COVID-19. Even now, as the so-called “second-wave” of COVID-19 cases is occurring, governments are considering and some implementing another lockdown to again “flatten the curve.” The public health goal of lockdowns is to save the population from COVID-19 cases and deaths, and to prevent overwhelming health care systems with COVID-19 patients. Bonneux L, Van Damme W. Health is more than influenza. CMAJ. Front Psychol. (2020) 253:R60–76. (2020) Available online at: https://wellbeingtrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/WBT_Deaths-of-Despair_COVID-19-FINAL-FINAL.pdf (accessed October 11, 2020). (2020). This program includes 150 hours of optional field experience. (2020) 370:m2516. Arnold DT, Hamilton FW, Milne A, Morley A, Viner J, Attwood M, et al. Those co-morbidities with HR>2, including hematological malignancy, severe chronic kidney disease, and organ transplant, affected only 0.3, 0.5, and 0.4% of the total population (48). Ann Internal Med. (2020) 369:413–22. Currently, FarmHouse International Fraternity consists of 32 ⦠The cost is likely at least 3X higher, as recovery from unemployment will occur over several years, we do not consider the effect on wellbeing to the families of the unemployed, and we do not consider the effect on deaths of despair in young people or on loss of health insurance. 780.644.5927, NorQuest College doi: 10.1126/science.abc9697, 268. You D, Hug L, Ejdemyr S, Idele P, Hogan D, Mathers C, et al. The work experience component of the program allows you to gain hands-on experience in the field. 2)” (2–4). Am J Econom. (2020). Tallying the toll of excess deaths from COVID-19. 66. Available online at: https://www.thelocal.se/20200723/14-of-antibody-tests-positive-in-sweden (accessed October 25, 2020). Woolf SH, Chapman DA, Sabo RT, Weinberger DM, Hill L, Taylor DDH. COVID-19 infection in children: estimating pediatric morbidity and mortality. Private outdoor gatherings are limited to 20 people and 2m distancing. Based on research on how costly it is to save people from illness (how government services maintain health), in the UK it is US$20K/QALY, and using consumer willingness to pay it is US$80K/QALY (144–146). The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2021.625778/full#supplementary-material. (2020) 584:430–6. Bonadio B, Huo Z, Levchenko AA, Pandalai-Nayar N. Global Supply Chains in the Pandemic. Government of Canada. Roesch E, Amin A, Gupta J, Garcia-Moreno C. Violence against women during covid-19 pandemic restrictions. Children have very low morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 (174), and, especially those ≤10 years old, are less likely to be infected by SARS-CoV-2 (57, 255–258), and have a low likelihood to be the source of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (178, 258). 129. COVID-19 emergencymeasures and the impending authoritarian pandemic. A CEPR (Center for Economic Policy Research) Press VoxEU.org eBook (2020). CMAJ. The science of early life toxic stress for pediatric practice and advocacy. For suppression to have benefit, it was estimated to need to be in force 77% of the time (compared to 66% in high-income countries) over the 18 months of modeling [and “well beyond the time window of our simulations (page 421)”] (209). [Updated November 6, 2020, Replacing May 12, 2020 Version]. Economists Weigh In. Seow J, Graham C, Merrick B, Acors S, Steel KJA, Hemmings O, et al. Why schools probably aren't COVID hotspots. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.201521. Gomes MGM, Corder RM, King JG, Langwig KE, Souto-Maior C, Carneiro J, et al. Initial modeling predictions that induced fear and crowd-effects. 28. 110. However, the assumption is not valid, as there is heterogeneity in social mixing and connectivity, with higher and lower levels of activity and contacts. A senior home care business offers you: Flexible hours. Be your own boss. A recession-proof business. Start on a shoestring. In this book, you'll discover: How to get started with just a few hundred dollars. How to price your services. ABC News. arXiv.org. PLoS ONE. (2020). doi: 10.1126/science.abc4765, 86. 127. Neurodevelopment origins of lifespan changes in brain and cognition. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. (2014) 343:1478–85. Our program equips graduates to perform financial accounting, budgeting, costing, and tax returns. JAMA Netw Open. Introduction. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m1712. Stanley M. Why the Increase in Domestic Violence During COVID-19? The Senior Recreation Therapist Passbook(R) prepares you for your test by allowing you to take practice exams in the subjects you need to study. PNAS. Most of them are native speakers and PhD holders able to take care of any assignment you need help with. Peak CM, Kahn R, Grad Y, Childs LM, Li R, Lipsitch M, et al. The Cost to Return Wait Times to Pre-pandemic Levels. Individual variation in susceptibility or exposure to SARS-CoV-2 lowers the herd immunity threshold. doi: 10.7326/L20-1429, 270. Brooks B, Curnin S, Owen C, Bearman C. Managing cognitive biases during disaster response: the development of an aide memoire. Nordling L. Africa's pandemic puzzle: why so few cases and deaths? COVID-19 and excess all-cause mortality in the US and 18 comparison countries. Preserving elective surgeries in the COVID-19 pandemic and the future. Available online at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tobacco (accessed October 11, 2020). (2020). (2020) 111:462–5. Ioannidis J. Heatley D. A Cost Benefit Analysis of 5 Extra Days at COVID-19 Alert Level 4. 210. The numbers involved are staggering, and in the many millions (Table 2). The groupthink (the tendency for groups to let the desire for harmony and conformity prevail, resulting in dysfunctional decision-making processes and becoming less willing to alter their course of action once they settle on it) needs to be replaced by deliberative consideration of all the relevant information (24). Kissler SM, Tedijanto C, Goldstein E, Grad YH, Lipsitch M. Projecting the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 through the postpandemic period. Sethi R, Siddarth D, Holland A, Archibong B, Annan F, Somanathan R, et al. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m4048, 223. Lancet Infect Dis. doi: 10.1101/2020.04.21.20073114, 114. (2020). 189. Available online at: https://www.benjaminborn.de/files/BDM_Lockdown_Nov2020.pdf (accessed February 4, 2021). A perspective on potential antibody-dependent enhancement of SARS-CoV-2. The consensus, for example by the Bank of England, the Reserve Bank of Australia, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, the International Monetary Fund (e.g., the “calamitous Great Lockdown”), and the Chief Medical Officer of Health in Canada (e.g., “the extensive slowdown in the Canadian economy as a result of public health emergency measures” (page 29), is that the economic recession is a result of the lockdowns (45, 117, 190–192). Potential effects of disruption to HIV programmes in sub-Saharan Africa caused by COVID-19: results from multiple mathematical models. Wrigley-Field E. US racial inequality may be as deadly as COVID-19. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.8051, 252. Williams DR, Cooper LA. Kromm S, Bourassa L, Saxinger L, for the COVID-19 Scientific Advisory Group Rapid Evidence Report. Report 12: The Global Impact of COVID-19 and Strategies for Mitigation and Suppression. PLoS Med. Steps to help prevent the spread of COVID-19 if you are sick. In: Baldwin R, DiMauro BW, editors. Some effects of the COVID-19 response that put sustainable development goals out of reach (78–93). Coronavirus: WHO Estimates 10% of Global Population Infected With COVID-19. Nature. PNAS. Found inside â Page 68Metis development programs 2542 . ... Community home care services 2563 . ... Edmonton Eric Cormack centre , Edmonton Industrial health laboratory , Edmonton Intoxication recovery centre , Edmonton Nursing aide school site , Edmonton ... The WHO recently estimated that about 10% of the global population may have been already infected, which, with a world population of 7.8 billion, and 1.16 million deaths, would make a rough approximation of IFR as 0.15% (28). Available online at: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/covid19/pulse/mental-health.htm (accessed October 26, 2020). Medecins Sans Frontieres. Wang J, Vahid S, Eberg M, Milroy S, Milkovich J, Wright FC, et al. Covid-19 daily deaths and ICU bed utilisation predictions in New York State. The editor and reviewers' affiliations are the latest provided on their Loop research profiles and may not reflect their situation at the time of review. Found inside â Page 186Health Care Aides Auxiliaires des services de santé The Northern Alberta Institute of Technology ( N.A.I.T. ) in Edmonton , Alberta offers a two - year program in Dietary Technology . The Institute will accept two types of applicants ... Health resources are finite. Flying Blind: Government's Hasty Decisions to Lock Down Canadians While Damaging Public Health and the Economy. Bull World Health Org. Progress in the response to COVID-19 depends on considering the trade-offs discussed here that determine the wellbeing of populations. (2020). 5. The implications of silent transmission for the control of COVID-19 outbreaks. (2020). Schippers MC, Van Jaarsveld GM. Bell R, Butler-Jones D, Clinton J, Closson T, Davidson J, Fulford M, et al. 49. The cost is likely far higher, as this assumes only 2 months of lockdown, and does not include the effect of loneliness on lifespan (i.e., early mortality) and disease that occurs particularly to young people (166–172). (2020) 584:257–61. 2. 148. Rice K, Bynne B, Martin V, Ackland GJ. The Business Continuity and Emergency Management Coordinator (BCP/EM Coord) is responsible to implement, conduct, and coordinate BCP/EM planning activities within Strathcona County. 145. This again is a maximum cost, as this is for Western countries, who are at least 3X wealthier than the average country in the world; you can save a life in poor countries with US$2-3K, and lives are saved more cheaply with the first few billions spent (144, 161). Serology-informed estimates of SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality riskin Geneva, Switzerland. Update alert 4: masks for prevention of respiratory virus infections, including SARS-CoV-2, in health care and community settings. A similar cost-benefit analysis for Canada is shown in Supplementary Table 5, with the cost at least 10X higher for lockdowns than the benefit. 82. Available online at: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/coronaviruses (accessed October 27, 2020). 237. Jewell BL, Mudimu E, Stover J, ten Brink D, Phillips AN, Smith JA, et al. Bastos ML, Tavaziva G, Abidi SK, Campbell JR, Haraoui LP, Johnston JC, et al. (2020) 75:e2013. BMJ. Lewis Y. Table 9. Thomson S, Eric EC Ip. Sebhatu A, Wennberg K, Arora-Jonsson S, Lindberg SI. Frijters P. Has the Coronavirus Panic Cost Us at Least 10 Million Lives Already? Ioannidis JPA, Axford C, Contopoulos-Ioannidis DG. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In support of this heterogeneity, it is now known that there is overdispersion of transmission of SARS-CoV-2, with 80% of secondary infections arising from just ~10% of infected people (57–59). p. 32–75. After all, lockdowns are a public health response undertaken with the goal of improving population health outcomes from the pandemic. 137. Saad-Roy CM, Wagner CE, Baker RE, Morris SE, Farrar J, Graham AL, et al. Science. In addition, the peak seroprevalence in blood donors in Manaus was 51.8% in June, while another study of household seroprevalence in Manaus on May 14–21 found this to be 12.7% (the respective numbers for São Paulo were closer, at 6.9 and 3.3% in the two serosurveys) (241, 242). (2020). There was an unexplained 83% increase of 10,000 excess deaths from dementia in England/Wales in April, and an increase in non-COVID-19 Alzheimer disease/dementia deaths in the US, attributed to lack of social contact causing a deterioration in health and wellbeing of these patients (115, 116). Selected causes of death in the world, with deaths per year and day, compared to COVID-19 in 2020 (131–143). 160. The seventh edition of the Canadian Immunization Guide was developed by the National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI), with the support ofthe Immunization and Respiratory Infections Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, to ... Medical and Public Health experts are not expert in this type of analysis (18, 19). The education revolution must be equalized. (2020). Clin Infect Dis. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.20892. Foster G. Early estimates of the impact of COVID-19 disruptions on jobs, wages, and lifetime earnings of schoolchildren in Australia. Kuhbandner C, Homburg S. Commentary: estimating the effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 in Europe. 152. Ledford H, Cyranoski D, Van Noorden R. COVID vaccines: what scientists now want to know. 222. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.201112, 250. (2020) 369:1309–11. 23. Singer P. The Life You CanSave. The authors estimated the benefit of easing restrictions for over the next 3 months outweighs the cost by 7.3–14.6X (147). 80. Nature. This posting is for multiple contract positionsDo you enjoy guiding people on their physical activity journey and helping them realize their health and fitness goals? Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Epidemiology Update. It is estimated that in 2020–2021 the world economy will shrink by at least US$8-9 trillion (about 6% of GDP), and this will take many years to recover (Figure 2) (144, 156, 157, 162, 163). for the HIV Modelling Consortium. Walker PGT, Whittaker C, Watson O, Baguelin M, Ainslie KEC, Bhatia S, et al. (2020). doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2538-8, 72. Recent financial difficulties, history of unemployment, lower life satisfaction, and history of food insecurity are associated with mortality in the United States (167). Older adults in nursing homes accounted for at least half of the COVID-19 deaths in Europe and North America, and over 80% in Canada (44, 45). The new exhibit by Edmonton City as Museum Project that explores the formation of Alberta's Black communities from the late 1800s to the early 1970s. IZA Institute of Labor Economics Discussion Paper, COVID Economics. Med Anthropol Q. Part 2: Effective COVID-19 Crisis Communication. (2020) 396:E71–2. The Health Care Aide Workplace Education option is offered throughout Alberta in partnership with health-care employers. Other risk groups for mortality had either a low-moderate effect (obesity, diabetes mellites, male biological sex, ethnicity, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, COPD, asthma, kidney disease, cancer) and/or were inconsistently found to have an effect in the literature (obesity, diabetes mellites, pregnancy, ethnicity, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, COPD, kidney disease) (49). doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30401-3, 138. A survey in Australia found worse exercise (47.1%), mental wellbeing (41%), weight gain (38.9%), screen time (40–50%), and life satisfaction (down by an average of 13.9%) during the pandemic (207). JAMA. (2020). Until schools open, education is lacking especially for those with the fewest opportunities, worsening social disparities that education systems are intended to level. 147. 226. doi: 10.1016/j.ijforecast.2020.08.004. New chapters in this edition provide the most up-to-date information on: / vascular structures / prostate / pediatric congenital hips / pediatric spinal sonography / musculoskeletal extremities and / articulations. Ibarrondo FJ, Fulcher JA, Goodman-Meza D, Elliott J, Hofmann C, Hausner MA, et al.
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